What is CNC precision machining?

CNC precision machining uses computer digital control for the process of precision mechanical processing. CNC machining lathes, CNC milling machines, CNC boring and milling machines, etc. are common CNC precision machining equipment.

In CNC precision machining, we use skilled employees to control tools and carry out machining with the help of complex digital systems. CNC or computer digital control technology allows us to achieve extremely precise control over the manufacturing process of specific parts or objects, including positioning, speed, coordination, feed rate, and other precision controls.

The automatic tray shuttle with CNC machine can reduce the Makespan time of parts, thus improving the production throughput of customers. CNC precision machining can produce various types of complex components with high precision. Common CNC machining control machines and tools include lathes, grinders, and milling machines.

By using CNC precision machining, higher machining accuracy, faster production speed, and better consistency can be achieved to meet customers' demand for high-quality parts. By using CNC precision machining to improve production efficiency, reduce labor costs, and adapt to the processing needs of various complex parts.

Steps for CNC precision machining:

l Design and Engineering: Firstly, design and engineer according to the requirements and specifications of the components. This includes determining the geometric shape, dimensions, and processing requirements of the components, as well as selecting appropriate materials.

l CNC programming: Using CAD/CAM software, convert the designed components into program code that can be understood by CNC machine tools. This process includes determining the cutting path, tool selection, cutting parameters, etc.

l Material preparation: Select suitable materials and perform necessary material treatments such as forging, heat treatment, surface treatment, etc. to provide the required material properties for processing.

l CNC machine tool settings: Set the workbench, fixture, tool, and cutting parameters of the CNC machine tool according to the processing requirements of the components. This includes positioning the workpiece, installing the tool, and setting the cutting speed and feed rate of the tool.

l Processing operation: According to the machining program generated by CNC programming, clamp the workpiece onto the machine tool and start the machining process. CNC machine tools will perform automated cutting processing according to predetermined paths and parameters.

l Inspection and adjustment: After completing the machining, inspect and measure the components to ensure that their dimensions, shape, and surface quality meet the requirements. If necessary, fine adjustments and adjustments can be made to achieve higher accuracy.

l Surface treatment and assembly: Perform surface treatment on components as needed, such as polishing, spraying, electroplating, etc. Then, the components are assembled with other components to form the final product.

CNC precision machiningtechnology

CAD/CAM software

The first step of CNC precision machining is to use Computer-aided design (CAD) software to create or import 3D models of parts. Then, using Computer-aided manufacturing software, according to the geometric shape and processing requirements of the parts, the NC program is generated.

CNC programming

CNC programming is the process of converting CNC programs generated by CAM software into machine tool recognizable code. The CNC program contains detailed information about machining operations, such as cutting path, cutting speed, feed speed, tool selection, etc. Programming can be done manually or by using Automatic programming software.

Machine tool selection

Select appropriate CNC machine tools based on processing needs. Common CNC machine tools include milling machines, lathes, drilling machines, grinding machines, etc. Precision machining usually requires the use of high-precision and stable machine tools to ensure machining accuracy and quality.

Tool selection and cutting parameter settings

Select appropriate cutting tools based on the material, geometric shape, and processing requirements of the parts. Cutting parameter settings include cutting speed, feed rate, cutting depth, etc. The selection of these parameters has a significant impact on machining quality and tool life.

Automated processing

Once the CNC program is loaded onto the CNC machine tool, the machine tool can automatically perform machining operations. CNC machine tools drive the tool to accurately cut and process the workpiece by controlling the movement of the axis. Automated processing improves the accuracy, efficiency, and repeatability of processing.

Monitoring and Quality Control

During the machining process, real-time monitoring of machining status is achieved by monitoring parameters such as cutting force, cutting temperature, and cutting sound. This helps to detect potential problems and take timely measures. Quality control includes inspection and testing of processed parts to ensure that their dimensions, shape, and surface quality meet the requirements.

Advantages of CNC precision machining

High precision

CNC precision machining can achieve highly accurate machining through CNC programming and precise machine tool motion control. Compared to traditional manual or semi-automatic machining, CNC machining has better repeatability and consistency, which can ensure the accuracy of the dimensions and geometric shapes of the parts.

high efficiency

CNC precision machining achieves high efficiency through automation and high-speed cutting technology. Compared with manual processing, CNC processing can significantly shorten the Makespan and improve production efficiency. At the same time, CNC machine tools can perform multitasking processing, achieving multiple operations simultaneously, further improving production efficiency.

flexibility

CNC precision machining has high flexibility and can adapt to different part shapes and processing requirements. By modifying the CNC program, the machining process can be quickly adjusted to adapt to different product changes and production needs. This flexibility gives CNC machining advantages in both mass production and customized processing.

Automation and Intelligence

CNC precision machining is an automated processing method that can reduce manual operations, human errors, and labor intensity. At the same time, CNC machine tools are equipped with monitoring and control systems, which can monitor the processing status in real-time, automatically adjust processing parameters, and improve the stability and consistency of processing.

Programmability

CNC precision machining adopts CNC programming, which can achieve different machining operations by writing and modifying CNC programs. This makes the processing process more flexible and controllable, allowing for quick response to product design changes and process optimization needs.

resource optimization

CNC precision machining can achieve effective utilization of materials and energy by optimizing cutting parameters and tool selection. Compared to traditional processing methods, CNC processing typically has a lower waste generation rate and energy consumption, which helps to reduce resource waste and environmental impact.

Frequently Asked Questions

Analysis of the causes of dimensional deviation in CNC precision machining? 

Due to Thermal expansion of materials, thermal deformation of machine tools, tool wear and other factors, the size of machined parts may have deviations. This usually requires compensation or adjustment, such as applying compensation values in CNC programs or recalibrating the machine tool.

What are the factors that affect the machining quality of CNC precision parts? 

During CNC precision machining, there may be scratches, burrs, defects, and other issues on the surface of the parts. This may be caused by cutting parameters, tool selection, tool wear, and other factors. Adjusting cutting parameters, replacing suitable tools, and regularly checking tool wear can improve surface quality.

What should we do if the tool life for CNC precision parts machining is short?

Cutting tools are prone to wear and tear in CNC precision machining due to their ability to withstand high-speed cutting and repeated use. Worn tools may cause problems such as decreased processing quality and dimensional deviation. Regular inspection and replacement of tools, reasonable selection of tool materials and coatings, and adjustment of cutting parameters can extend tool life.

What are the cumulative factors of CNC precision machining errors? 

Due to factors such as machine tool errors, CNC programming errors, and tool eccentricity, machining errors may accumulate in multiple cuts. This may result in machined parts not meeting design requirements. In order to reduce error accumulation, regular machine tool calibration, accuracy check of CNC programming, and regular inspection of cutting tools are required.

How to handle deformation of CNC precision machining parts? 

Some materials are prone to thermal or mechanical deformation during processing, resulting in changes in part size and shape. This may be caused by factors such as cutting heat, machine tool rigidity, and material stress. By optimizing cutting parameters, adopting appropriate cooling methods, and pretreating materials, deformation of parts can be reduced.